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The Revised 2007 Edition of the Highway Code, Compared to the Last Edition of 2004 by Mike Collins MATable of ContentsIntroduction IntroductionRules upon which I have not made any comment can be taken to be unchanged, or substantially unchanged. The criticisms or comments concerning some wordings or omissions are my personal views and do not necessarily reflect the views of ROSPA, the IMTD, the Police or any other body. In general the book is now much more substantial and impressive, reflecting an increase in price from £1.99 to £2.50. The illustrations are improved throughout, and are now much more professional, in some cases being real photographs. I am relieved to find that the very poor index in the 2004 edition has been improved, with the silly idea of page numbers being shown in virtually undetectable italics replaced by page numbers in blue and Rule numbers in black. A conversion table from miles to kilometres on page 134 is a useful addition, as is the "Safety Code for New Drivers" on pages 133 &134. The very-brief reference to Pass-Plus is inadequate and would have been improved with a description of the advantages. As the DSA is keen to attract more new drivers to the scheme it is strange that it is not even indexed. The annexes on vehicle security and maintenance and first aid have been expanded and are reasonable. When referring, in several of the sections to vulnerable people or those needing more care the new Code adds the words "and other road users", which is a sensible expansion. The introduction page has been expanded. There is no significant change except to indicate that rules which use advisory wordings such as "should/should not" may be used in Court proceedings to establish liability. Although this is not a new convention, to have specifically included that wording strengthens the impact of the Code. An occasional question about the Code has been posed, and the location of the answer shown. This is an improvement for new drivers, perhaps for all road users. There is however one change from the 2004 edition about which I am very concerned. In the Motorway section, referring to overtaking, said "It may be safer to remain in the centre or outer lanes until, the manoeuvre is completed rather than continually changing lanes." New Rule 264 now says flatly "you should return to the left hand lane as soon as you are safely past". This is, I believe due to ill-informed and dogmatic input from the Highways Agency, who have just issued a DVD on this subject. The obvious consequence of such advice is that weaving from lane 2 to 1 and back, and, as frequently seen, across all three lanes will be perceived as correct driving. My regular experience in both advanced training and testing has been that those drivers who complain about "middle lane road hogs" are those who feel deprived if they cannot travel at more than 70mph in lane 2. Other countries, notably America, manage lane discipline without weaving, and this new advice is, in my opinion due to lack of experience of other cultures, and lack of experience of driving on very busy motorways in the UK. Those who will no doubt defend the change may declare that the Rule says "safely past". My rebuttal of that is that every police traffic officer knows that there are millions of drivers who either do not understand or do not care about separation distances, even at speed. I shall give this particular criticism as much publicity as possible in the forlorn hope of getting it changed before the next reprint. In the following notes of changes "Rule" refers to the 2007 Code while "old Rule" refers to the 2004 edition, Where I have referred to a MUST or a MUST NOT these are words printed in red capitals showing that the rule has legal sanctions. Rules for pedestriansRule 4 adds the advice not to push a "buggy" (pushchair?) into the road without checking safety. Rule 8 adds the advice that pedestrians crossing the mouth of a junction have priority over traffic. This is also shown in Rule 170, with a good illustration and was in old Rule 146 but it is an improvement to have it in the pedestrian section. Not many people know about this! Rule 13 describes tactile paving, distinguishing between pedestrian and cyclist's areas of shared footpaths. Rule 27 describes Equestrian Crossings, previously known as Pegasus Crossings. Rule 34 strengthens the advice in old Rule 32 about crossing the stop line on foot at a level crossing, and makes it a MUST NOT when red lights show. Rules 36 to 46 are new and deal with the use of powered wheelchairs and mobility scooters. It is worth reading these rules carefully whether one is fortunate enough not to need one or not. There are differences in construction and use which are, I think, useful for other road users to know. Rules about animalsRules 47 and 48 are new, referring to horse drawn vehicles. Rule 51 expands the previous advice about riding at night. Rules for cyclistsRule 82 draws attention to rail/tram tracks and mentions "Cyclists Dismount" signs. Rules for motor cyclists. Rule 83 mentions the exemption for Sikhs from wearing a helmet, and. advises riders of motor tricycles and quad bikes to wear helmets. Interestingly, this is not a "MUST" as the legislation does not require it. Rule 88 advises low speed when filtering through slow traffic. (Yes, please!) Rules for drivers and motor cyclistsRule 97 expands old Rule 73 by adding "switch off your mobile phone". Rule 98 expands old Rule 74 by advising the adjustment of headlights when heavily loaded or towing, and points to the dangers of tow-ropes. Rule 99 defines the exemptions from seat-belts more precisely, and brings up to date the heights of front seat child passengers. It specifies that non-exempt persons over 14 years MUST wear a seatbelt, where fitted, in minibuses, coaches and buses. Old Rule 77 is thus redundant and has been removed. General rules, techniques and advice for all drivers and ridersThis section now includes horse riders. Rules 107 and 108. These are new and describe the powers to stop vehicles given to the Vehicle and Operator Services Agency and Highways Agency officers. It says that these people will use amber flashing lights or hand signals to stop traffic. There are two extremely inadequate photographs of the uniforms and vehicles used on Page 105. They have powers which MUST be obeyed, but I would personally advise caution, especially for solo women drivers during darkness. Genuine police officers will carry a warrant card which they will always be prepared to display through a closed car window, and so, I presume, do these people, but the Rules do not say so. Uniforms, especially vague ones as pictured, are easy to copy. It is not impossible to forge a warrant card. but does require a bit more thought and planning, whereas it is very easy to get hold of a yellow jacket and a flat cap Normally Police officers are likely to be present at routine check stops, but if a lone HA or VOSA officer stops a vulnerable driver, especially at night, I would be very suspicious, unless certain that he is genuine by virtue of his vehicle. My advice if in any doubt is to ask for identity before unlocking a door or lowering a window, and if none is forthcoming, don't. Offer to follow him to an occupied police station. Leave a space in front of your vehicle, keep the engine running, and if there is any attempt to force an entry, drive off, continually sounding the horn. Now that the Government in it's wisdom has authorised the use of a variety of imitation police uniforms I have absolutely no doubt that they will be deployed in crime. Rule 113 now defines "night" but still uses the rather out of date term "sidelights". Night is defined as the period between 30 minutes after sunset to 30 minutes before sunrise. Headlights (NB it does not say dipped headlights, which is a pity) MUST be used except on a road which has lit street lighting. The definition of "street lighting" in old Rule 93 has been removed. Do two widely spaced lamps in a village street subject to a 40mph limit qualify as "street lighting"? This seems to me to be a badly written Rule, but it may be the fault of the drafting of the Lighting Regulations. It may be clarified eventually by case law. However, what is clear is that "sidelights (whatever they are!) and rear registration numbers MUST be lit between sunset and sunrise on any road. Rule 114 is a bit more positive, and gives good advice to deactivate the brake lights in stationary traffic. Rule 117 concerning braking technique is an exact copy of old Rule 97, but once again the opportunity is lost to advise the benefit of a series of light taps to flash the brake lights, which will attract attention better than a steady light. Rule 119 It appears sadly that no-one involved in writing either the 2004 or 2007 Code is prepared to discuss what happens in a front wheel lock-up, and the same inadequate advice and illustration about "turning into the skid" as was given in old Rule 99 is repeated. This can in some circumstances be dangerous, and if the advice cannot be given properly it would be better not given at all. However, in Rule 120 the old dreadful advice from old Rule 100 to "apply the footbrake rapidly and firmly" in the case of ABS activation has been re-worded. The word "rapidly" is deleted and. it now reads "Apply the footbrake firmly". I do wonder how many drivers have been suckered into thinking that one has to pump the brakes -in an ABS equipped vehicle by that badly written advice. Information about how one knows that one has ABS equipment could have been included. It is a sad fact that many drivers, especially those who have bought a used vehicle, do not know. Rule 123 gives welcome advice not to leave an engine running unnecessarily, to prevent emission and noise pollution. This is a MUST NOT, reflecting the Construction and Use Regulations. Rule 124. The table of speed limits does not now distinguish between roads in built up areas in England, Wales and Scotland (a, footnote in the 2004. edition). Once again I would have expected a definition of "street lighting" to be given in this rule. Rule 126 which reproduces the stopping distances table now includes sensible advice to leave at least a five metre gap in front if stopped in a tunnel. It might have been worth adding "or in crawling traffic". The stopping distances are unchanged from previous editions. I queried this some years ago and was told that giving stopping distances relating to older vehicles provided a built in safety margin. I can see some logic in this, but it is also necessary to explain to young drivers that of course their modern car is capable of stopping well inside 75 metres at 70mph, given dry roads, and a vehicle in good condition. Do they appreciate however that it may take that much or more'! I fear that there is a danger of young people –and older ones for that matter- seeing these exaggerated figures as "Granny State crying Wolf", and ignore it and therefore other relevant advice. The headlines in my local paper, night after night, suggest that they do. The Rule does specify that the distances area general guide only but I would have preferred it to say as well "It is true that a modem car can stop more quickly, but it may not." Lines and lane markingsRule 129 is unchanged, and still does not reflect the danger of not being able to legally pass a pedestrian if it entails crossing a solid white line. This is a consequence of the odd legislation, so the Code writers cannot be blamed, but oh dear, the risk that this can cause. I would have liked to see a line or two advising of the danger from impatient following drivers, and the need to think of the safest thing to do. (This is not necessarily following the rules). Rule 130, the rule in relation to diagonal stripes (hatchings) in the centre of the road is changed from old Rule 109, in that the second sub-paragraph has been omitted completely. This means that there is now no advice against entering an area of hatchings bordered by a solid white line, and seems to me to have removed the point of having such markings, and weakened the rule. I did also expect that someone would have spotted the silliness in the old Rule of saying "you should not enter the area unless it is necessary". We are still left with the fact that "necessary" means a million different things to a million different drivers, and the fact that diagonal stripes surrounded by broken (or solid) lines are routinely ignored. Oh well, keep on looking in the offside mirror! The MUST NOT rule about chevrons, surrounded by a solid line is unchanged, however a picture of the difference between chevrons and diagonal stripes is necessary. The rule heading should surely also read "and chevrons" not "or chevrons" as it refers to diagonal stripes and chevrons. Rule 132 adds green/yellow studs as a temporary adjustment to lane layouts, e.g. for road works. Multi-lane carriagewaysRule 133 adds "if necessary take a quick sideways glance when changing lanes." It could have continued "if it is practical to look away from preceding traffic", but perhaps this is a quibble. Rule 134 recommends merging in turn, but only at slow speed and in slow traffic, for example approaching road works. Rule 137 follows the new definition of a dual carriageway as being a road having a central reservation separating two carriageways, but does not change the general advice about lane use. Rule 139 promotes the awareness of signs before a crawler lane ends. Rules 141 and 142 deal with bus lanes, high vehicle occupancy lanes and other designated vehicle lanes. It gives a MUST NOT for their use by non-permitted vehicles. These are quite well defined. This is a big expansion of the old Rule 120 although the same sections of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 are quoted. General AdviceRule 145 adds a new exception "in the case of an emergency" to the prohibition of driving on a footpath. Rule 146 broadens the advice on general driving from that given in old Rule 124. This is all sensible, with only minor changes in wording. Rule 147, dealing with consideration for others adds a requirement to be considerate to road users needing particular care, who are defined in Rule 204 as pedestrians, cyclists, motor cyclists, horse riders, children, the elderly and the disabled and learners and the inexperienced. The Rule also says one should not throw anything out of a vehicle. As this would be an offence under the Litter Act I would have thought it might have been classed as MUST NOT. Rule 148 is the one which caught the attention of the media, by adding smoking to the list of distractions while driving. Since it has always been possible to prosecute for careless driving through smoking (or for nearly anything else, provided that some careless or dangerous driving can be established) it is not much of a change and does not warrant the media hype. Smoking is included as a MUST NOT in public transport or certain vehicles used for work purposes. Rule 149 adds the words "or riding" to the advice not to use even a hands free 'phone, as contained in old Rule 127. It was good advice in 2004, but even then, I regret, was shutting the stable door long after the horse had bolted. Rule 150 also slams the stable door in expanding previous advice in old Rule 128 on the dangers of distraction from in-vehicle technology, but does repeat the MUST exercise of proper control. Sat-Navs etc are far too much of a toy to be got rid of now – the time was when they first appeared in the market place. Rule 151, advising on slow moving traffic, adds the advice of awareness of two-wheelers, on either side. (Look for BOB). Rule 152 removes the word "Narrow" from the need for care in residential streets. A good change, which no-one can argue with. Rule 154 expands advice on the need for care on country roads, and removes the word "minor" from partially hidden junctions and turnings. Rule 155 adds to advice about single track roads by saying "slow down when passing pedestrians, cyclists and horse riders. Obvious, but a useful addition to old Rule 133. Rule 158 discusses the use of certain motor cycles, tricycles and quad bikes on public roads. This is all new, gives several MUST or MUST NOT rules, and is a welcome addition. Using the road. No changes in this short section except to draw attention to the danger of two-wheelers filtering through traffic, and to substitute "drive with both hands on the wheel" for "keep both hands on the wheel". OvertakingRule 162 changes the word "vehicle" to "road user" in relation to what is both behind and in front when considering an overtake. Rule 163 adds the word "legal' to "safe- when considering an overtake. This is a good change as it now provides a written answer to a question that I am often asked:-"Can you go over the speed limit when overtaking?". It also adds the words "give a quick sideways glance if necessary". I regret that the opportunity has not been taken to improve the advice concerning overtaking on the left on motorways, compared to dual carriageways. Rule 163 continues the advice given in old Rule 139 that it is acceptable, when traffic is moving slowly in queues on dual carriageways, and the queue on the right is moving more slowly, to continue on the left (without changing lanes) and to pass on the left. New Rule 268, relating to overtaking on motorways now continues the advice given in old Rule 242 which stated that this was an acceptable procedure on a motorway but both old and new merely refer to "congested conditions" and do not specify slow moving queues. The M6, believe me, is often congested at 70-80mph. This bad drafting in both Codes has led, and will lead to the highly dangerous practice of overtaking on the left on motorways at very high speeds. Rule 164 has been reworded. The significant difference is to add the advice that dropping back will allow an LGV driver to see one in his mirrors. Rule 167 adds to the sections concerning overtaking the overdue advice to hang back behind a cyclist who is approaching a junction or roundabout if one is about to turn left there. Also added is advice about passing trams standing at tram stops. Road Junctions. Rule 170 adds powered wheelchairs and mobility scooters to the list of road users difficult to see. Also added "look for horse riders, they may take a different line” and "look all around before emerging." Rule 175 substitutes the word collision for accident. This is a welcome change, which we have been requesting for years. Rule 176 adds that where traffic lights are not working, treat the junction with great care, as an unmarked one. Rule 178 discusses advanced stop lines. Old Rule 154 has been reworded, but the only significant change is the deletion of "buses", with the reference being to cycles only. Rule 181 adds that cyclists and motorcyclists in particular may be hidden if turning right nearside to nearside. RoundaboutsRule 185 substitutes "all other road users" for "vehicles". Rule 186 is slightly reworded but not significantly changed. Rule 187 adds "allow cyclists and horse riders to stay in the left hand lane if going around a roundabout". Rule 188 makes a substantial change, by saying that U turns at mini-roundabouts should be avoided. This is not a MUST NOT, as presumably the legislation does not ban them. Perhaps it should. Pedestrian CrossingsRule 195 adds "or use the horn" to advice about beckoning pedestrians over. Rule 199 now confirms that the light sequence at Toucan, Puffin and Equestrian Crossings is the same as at standard traffic lights, and adds proceed with caution if the lights are not working. ReversingRule 202 adds "other road users" and specifies "Slowly". Surprisingly old Rules 177/8 did not mention this! Road Users Needing Special CareRule 205 removes the word "urban" from old Rule 181, making the need for care, about pedestrians stepping into the road apply to all roads where they are permitted. Rule 206 adds "Home Zones and Quiet Lanes" to places where extra care is needed. It adds ``when crossing cycle tracks to reach a driveway give way to cyclists as well as pedestrians," and "when approaching pedestrians on narrow rural roads with no footpath be prepared to slow down or stop, and give them room". Rule 207 dealing with particularly vulnerable pedestrians is reworded, but with no significant changes except to substitute "older" for "elderly" Rule 211 dealing with the difficulty of seeing cyclists and motorcyclists is expanded considerably from old Rule 187. It adds “when overtaking you or filtering" and ' warns about the difficulty of estimating their speed when you are emerging from a junction. It mentions the need to look for two wheelers on the inside of slow or stationary traffic when one is turning right. Look for them when changing lane or direction, and check mirrors and blind spots. Rule 212 adds that a rider looking over his shoulder may intend to pull out or turn. Old Rule 188 warned "while you are following them" but the new Rule only says "When passing " It is a bit late by then. Rule 213 only emphasises the need for care concerning two wheelers on slippery surfaces. Rule 214, referring to passing animals adds "do not accelerate rapidly," also adds the word "driven" but removes "left hand" to the advice to keep speed down on bends, therefore widening this advice to all bends. Rule 215 adds "and horse drawn vehicles" to horses and that horses are unpredictable. Rule 216 again substitutes older for elderly. Rule 217 about younger drivers changes "reacting" to "anticipating and responding". Rule 218 is quite new, and describes and pictures "Home Zones" and "Quiet Lanes". Emergency VehiclesRule 219 adds "and Incident Vehicles." It now includes Doctors using green flashing lights. However, very unfortunately the previous dangerous advice to "if necessary pull in to the side of the road and stop" has been reproduced from old rule 194. The last thing that an emergency vehicle driver in a hurry needs is for someone in front to stop quickly. The correct thing to do, unless it is possible to get right off the road, is to carry on slowly, using a-left indicator-, with a light foot or dabs on the brake pedal-and keeping as far to the left as possible. When it is possible, then get off the road, or stop gently. As an emergency driver I have been placed in severe difficulty on more than one occasion, by a driver in front following this idiotic advice and banging on the brake on a narrow road or congested street. This was such a regular occurrence that it became almost better not to use the siren or light. I have seen it happen very recently, from the other aspect, when an emergency vehicle was forced to swerve out into the face of oncoming traffic. The new Rule does add a note of caution to the old Rule, but in my experience drivers will remember the "Stop" bit and not the detail. Why on earth do the Code Writers not ask the people who have the experience about these things? Is it so difficult to understand that it is far far better for any emergency vehicle to lose a second or so than to collide with the rear of a suddenly stopping vehicle in front or be forced to swerve out and risk hitting a vehicle coming the other way? A head-on collision may cost a life. Whether it does or not, it is undeniably better for any emergency vehicle to actually reach it's destination, even if a few seconds later, than not to get there at all. I despair at the lack of common sense. Rule 221 warns that one may not be visible in the mirrors of a large vehicle. Rule 222 mentions the speed limiters fitted to many large vehicles. Rule 225 is expanded and deals with vehicles fitted with flashing amber "beacons", rather than "lights". It widens the types of vehicle so fitted. Useful information now given is that on certain roads certain vehicles with a maximum speed of 25mph MUST use a flashing amber beacon. Driving in adverse conditionsRule 227 expands wet weather advice to include awareness of the danger of spilt diesel and to take extra care around the vulnerable road user.' Rule 228 adds to the list of emergency kit contents in. icy or snowy conditions, and is a big improvement on old Rule 203. Rule 229 adds route checking advice and that snow which might fall from the vehicle should also be cleared off. Rule 230 substitutes "salt or de-icer" for "grit" and advises listening to travel bulletins and watching for advisory signs. Rule 231 substitutes "loss of control" for "skid". Rule 232 adds "horse riders" to those affected by high winds. Rule 235 has again missed the chance to advise several light touches on the brake pedal to advise the intention to slow down in fog. Also missed out is advice to open a window to listen more easily at a junction in dense fog. Rule 237 now also gives advice about the dazzling effect of. bright sunlight. Waiting and Parking. Rule 238 mentions also "controlled parking zones" Rule 239 now also advises parking facing with the traffic flow, checking for cyclists and other traffic when getting out and hiding valuables. Rule 240 indicates that any vehicle may enter a bus lane to stop, load, or unload unless specifically prohibited. This is a change from old Rule 215. Rule 242 now specifies MUST NOT in relation to dangerous parking. This strengthens old Rule 217, Rule 243 adds tram stops and the approach to a tramway crossing to inadvisable stopping or parking places, or where it would obstruct cyclist’s facilities. Rule 244 prohibits parking on a footpath in London and advises against it elsewhere, unless permitted. The London restriction is new. Decriminalised Parking EnforcementThe local authority enforcement is mentioned and appropriate web-sites given. MotorwaysRule 253 mentions powered wheelchairs/mobility scooters as also prohibited. Rule 255 mentions the danger of road workers in the carriageway. Rule 259 says do not use the hard shoulder when joining a motorway. Rule 264 has changed the reasonable advice in old Rule 238 about weaving in and out I discussed this dangerous nonsense in my introduction. As with previous criticisms, I cannot help wondering how many collisions and deaths will be caused by this bad advice. I would add that I write as someone who has driven vehicles of all types on motorways, and not just in the Lam. The same rule amends the rule about driving on the hard shoulder to include when directed by police or H. A. traffic officers. Rule 265 changes the weight limits for vehicles using lane 3, and now includes a goods vehicle over 3.5 tonnes mlw. which is required to be fitted with a speed limiter, and certain passenger vehicles with more than eight seats which require a speed limiter. Rule 268 discusses overtaking on the left, as previously mentioned in new Rule 163. Note the discrepancy between the two Rules. This Rule also, oddly enough, continues previous advice about weaving in and out to overtake from old Rule 242. Something about left hand and right hand comes to mind. Rule 269 discusses in detail Active Traffic Management Schemes, where hard shoulders are used as an extra lane. Rule 270 adds HA. traffic officers to those who can direct one onto a hard shoulder, and adds the prohibition of stopping on a hard shoulder to use a mobile telephone. Breakdowns and IncidentsRule 274 adds the suggestion to use reflective or fluorescent clothing. Rule 275 warns not to use a reflective triangle on a motorway. It states that some motorway land lines may be connected to the Highways Agency, not police. Advice is to face the traffic when using the 'phone. The advice for women to state if they are alone has been changed to include disabled or older people, with no reference now to gender. There is no advice to use hazard warning lights on a motorway hard shoulder. I wonder why? IncidentsTitle changed from 'Accidents' Rule 281 greatly expands the information about incidents in old Rule 255. This is useful, warning about personnel in the road, debris, rolling road blocks and signals that may be used. RoadworksRule 288 expands old Rule 262, by adding extra hazards to be aware of. It warns of two wheelers skidding on mud, the likelihood of queues ahead and again advises merging in turn when merging is necessary. Rule 289 warns of the use of flashing light arrows to make works vehicle more visible, Level CrossingsRule 291 adds a tram crossing to the definition. Rule 292 is new and describes the danger from overhead power lines. Rule 293 adds advice not to reverse onto or over a controlled crossing, Rule 294, describing vehicles which need permission to cross now includes "long low vehicles. It also adds "if requested" to the need for these vehicle drivers to telephone when clear. TramwaysRule 300 adds to precautions to be taken, including avoiding driving directly on top of the rails and avoiding entering the reserved route. It mentions also the white tram instruction signs. Rule 301 instructs not to try to pass on the inside of a moving tram or a stationary one unless there is a designated lane to do so. Rule 302 expands the warnings about stopping where obstruction might be caused to a tram. Rule 303 warns about passing a tram picking up passengers, where there is no route marking. The advice is to wait until it moves away. Rule 305 states that priority should always be given to trams, and warns about departing passengers. Rule 306 warns again of the tramlines in wet weather, and that two-wheeled vehicles may need more space to cross them safely. Rule 307 is new and points out the dangers of the overhead power lines to higher vehicles, or high-loaded ones. Page 102 to 104 reproduces the illustrations of traffic lights, motorway signals, and police officers signals from old pages 70 to 72. There are no changes except to the uniforms shown. Page 105 is new and shows School Crossing Patrols and the inadequate pictures of Highway Agency and VOSA officers already mentioned. Pages 106 to 117 reproduce the various signs from the 2004 Code, with the only significant addition being the Home Zone sign, On page 111 the "school bus" sign is still described as "being shown in rear window of bus or coach". Did no-one think that this reduces the driver's already limited visibility? It should be fastened to the rear panel below the window. AnnexesThe annexes dealing with bicycle care and use, motor cycle licensing and motor vehicle documentation are reworded and updated, as are those dealing with traffic law and penalties. There is a new section on vehicle window tinting in the vehicle maintenance annex. ConclusionsIn general the new Code is an improvement, and although some changes are cosmetic, or merely politically correct i.e. older for elderly, it is a better document. I wish that the opportunity had been taken to improve the areas that I have criticised, especially those relating to the “necessary" need to drive over hatchings, weaving on faster roads, the discrepancies in overtaking on the left in multi-lane roads, and stopping in front of an emergency vehicle in a hurry. Also front wheel skids and the definition of street lighting, I recognise that not everyone will agree, but my training and experience suggest that these are valid criticisms which I have made before, to no avail. I also recognise that the Code can only reflect legislation in relation to MUST and MUST NOT rules, but that’s another story. |